Hypertension Nursing Care Plan

Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure is a cardiac chronic medical condition in which the systemic arterial blood pressure is elevated. It is the opposite of hypotension. Hypertension is classified as either primary (essential) hypertension or secondary hypertension; About 90–95% of cases are termed "primary hypertension", which refers to high blood pressure for which no medical cause has been found. The remaining 5–10% of cases (Secondary hypertension) are caused by other conditions that affect the kidneys, arteries, heart, or endocrine system.

Nursing Diagnosis for Hypertension

1. Fatigue related to effects of hypertension and stresses of daily life
2. Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements related to excessive food intake
3. Ineffective health maintenance related to inability to modify lifestyle
4. Deficient knowledge related to effects of prescribed treatment

EXPECTED OUTCOMES

• Reduce blood pressure readings to less than 150 systolic and 90 diastolic by return visit next week.
• Incorporate low-sodium and low-fat foods from a list provided into her diet.
• Develop a plan for regular exercise.
• Verbalize understanding of the effects of prescribed drug, dietary restrictions, exercise, and follow-up visits to help control hypertension.

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Patient Teaching and Home Healthcare Guide on Hypertension nursing care plan

Teach the patient to use a self-monitoring blood pressure cuff and to record the reading at least twice a week.
Tell the patient to take his blood pressure at the same hour each time, with out more than usually activity preceding the measurement.
Tell the patient and family to keep a record of drugs used in the past.
To encourage compliance with antihypertensive therapy, suggest establishing a daily routine for taking medication. Warn the patient that uncontrolled hypertension may cause stroke and heart attack. Tell him to report any adverse reactions to prescribed drugs. Advise him to avoid high-sodium antacids and over-the-counter cold and sinus medications containing harmful vasoconstrictors.
Help the patient examine and modify his lifestyle behavior.
Suggest stress-reduction groups, dietary changes, and an exercise program.
Encourage a change in dietary habits. Help the obese patient plan a reducing diet.
Tell to the patients to avoid high-sodium foods, table salt, and foods high in cholesterol and saturated fat.